What is WOVEN FABRIC?

2021-10-26

The interweaving of fabrics is made by using natural fibers, chemical fibers or various blends of different fibers. The straight yarns on the fabric surface are called warp yarns, the horizontal yarns are called weft yarns, and the interlacing of warp and weft yarns is called fabric weave. Due to the different ways of interweaving fabrics, it can be divided into two categories: woven fabrics and knitted fabrics.

The woven fabric, also known as parallel fabric or woven fabric (as it is customary in mainland China), is a fabric made up of parallel warp yarns and parallel weft yarns interlaced at right angles. Compared with knitted fabrics, woven fabrics are generally less elastic (without elastic fibers), but good at abrasion.

The woven use:

Woven fabrics are widely used in life, such as shirts, suits, jeans, sheets, curtains, pillowcases, waterproof jackets, jacket linings, cloth bags, cloth suitcases, and so on.

Woven fabrics can be divided into three types: plain weave, twill weave and satin weave according to the different weft and warp yarn interlacing points.

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Plain Weave

The weave concept of plain weave of plain weave is shown on the right.

Plain weave is the simplest one among various weaves. For example, when four transverse warp yarns and four straight weft yarns are interlaced with each other, each warp yarn and weft yarn will have four interlacing points.

On the basis of the original plain weave, increase or decrease the number of interlaced fulcrums, or move the position of the original weave, or when both are performed at the same time, the plain weave can be changed.

The variations of plain weave cloth include:

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Mat, Basket or Hopsack Weave

Wrap Rib Weave
Weft Rib Weave
Fancy Rib Weave
Figured Rib Weave
Oblique Rib Weave
Mat, Basket or Hopsack Weave
Fancy Mat Weave

Twill Weave

The warp and weft yarns of the twill weave are not continuously interlaced up and down, but the warp yarns sometimes continuously float (on the surface) above two or more than two weft yarns, or continuously sink (under the surface) two or more weft yarns Below. Finally, the surface of the fabric will be diagonally staggered to form diagonal lines.

When the number of floats of the twill fabric is not equal or the number of configurations is different, the texture of the front and back sides of the composed twill fabric must be different. This kind of twill fabric with different textures on both sides is called Uneven Sided Twill. In addition, if the number of warps and wefts on both sides of the fabric are the same in configuration and circulation, the textures on the front and back sides of the twill fabric will be the same except for the diagonal directions. This kind of organization is called Even Sided Twill.

The variations of twill weave cloth include:

Steep Twill or Diagonals
Reclining Twill
Curved Twill
Broken Twill or Cross Twill
Fancy Twill
Mixed Twill or Compound Twill
Corkscrew Twill
Entwing Twill
Checked Twill or Dice Twill
Point Twill
Diaper Twill
Shaded Twill

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The above icons from left to right are: normal twill, curved twill, clipped twill, mixed twill, net twill, mountain twill, diamond twill and shaded twill

Satin Weave or Sateen Weave

The points of the satin weave are not continuous, but are scattered in the fabric weave at an average distance. There is only one staggered weave point in each warp or each weft in the fabric structure. Therefore, among the three types of plain weave fabrics, the surface of the satin weave is particularly smooth and bright, but the wear resistance is weak.